Novas tendências de combate ao biofilme de Candida em próteses dentárias / New trends to combat Candida biofilm in dental prosthetics

Apesar de a espécie Candida albicans ser efetivamente o microrganismo mais frequentemente associado a estomatite protética, as espécies de Candida não albicans já foram isoladas nas superfícies de dentaduras e da mucosa oral de indivíduos com essa lesão eritematosa. A virulência das espécies de Candida e a capacidade de adesão a polímeros acrílicos são condições prévias para a colonização e o desenvolvimento de biofilmes em superfícies de dentaduras. Estudos recentes focam na tentativa de modificação das resinas acrílicas para diminuir a adesão de cepas patogênicas e formadoras de biofilme do gênero Candida spp. Dentro desse aspecto, esta revisão sistematiza o atual panorama epidemiológico da estomatite protética associada ao uso de próteses dentárias, bem como as atuais e novas opções de combate ao biofilme fúngico especializado na adesão desse tipo de biomaterial. (AU)

Although the Candida albicans species is effectively the microorganism most frequently associated with prosthetic stomatitis, Candida non-albicans species have already been isolated from the denture and oral mucosal surfaces of individuals with this erythematous lesion. The virulence of Candida species and the ability to adhesion to acrylic polymers are preconditions for the colonization and development of biofilms on denture surfaces. Recent studies focus on the attempt to modify the acrylic resins to reduce the adhesion of pathogenic and biofilm forming strains of the genus Candida spp. In this aspect, this review systematizes the current epidemiological panorama of prosthetic stomatitis associated with the use of dental prostheses, as well as new options for combating the fungal biofilm specialized in the adhesion of this type of biomaterial. (AU)

Identificación bacteriana en superficies de resina acrílica / Bacterial identification on acrylic resin surfaces

Introducción: el material usado para fabricar aparatos protésicos parciales o totales es el polimetilmetacrilato, el cual forma una superficie sólida que se encuentra en íntimo contacto con la mucosa bucal del paciente, esta superfi cie puede presentar defectos (poros, grietas e irregularidades), que se producen al momento de su elaboracióny varían según la técnica de procesado, actuando como reservorios que contribuyen a la adherencia y proliferación de microorganismos,dentro de los cuales, el más frecuentemente aislado en pacientesportadores de prótesis es Candida albicans. Objetivo: Identifi car lasbacterias presentes en la superfi cie de una resina acrílica para base dedentadura (ProBase Hot®, Ivoclar, Vivadent). Material y métodos: Se seleccionaron 10 pacientes de ambos sexos, entre 25 y 30 años de edad que acudían a la clínica de prótesis. Las impresiones de alginato de los pacientes se utilizaron para crear modelos de yeso, que luegoconfeccionaron paladares de acrílico termocurado que los pacientes llevaban por un periodo de 24 horas. Una muestra del acrílico se tomóposteriormente para fi nes de identifi cación bacteriológica. El análisisestadístico consistió en estadística descriptiva con la distribución defrecuencia y porcentajes, realizando tablas de contingencia y respuestamúltiple (Programa IBM SPSS STATISTICS 21.0). Resultados: Labacteria identifi cada mayor número de veces fue Klebsiella pneumoniae,mientras que de las aisladas en menor frecuencia correspondió tanto a Escherichia coli como a Enterobacter cloacae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa en tres oportunidades, seguido de Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus alfa hemolítico y Streptococcus hyicus solo un par de veces. Conclusiones: La resina acrílica usada en este estudio diopositivo a diferentes especies bacterianas y las más frecuentementeaisladas pertenecen a la familia de las enterobacterias.

Introduction: the material most commonly used to make full orpartial prosthetic dental appliances is polymethyl methacrylate, whichprovides a solid surface that is in close contact with the patient’s oralmucosa. During the production of the dental prosthetic, defects suchas holes, cracks, and other irregularities can appear on this surface(depending on the method used), which act as reservoirs that stimulatethe proliferation of microorganisms and make it easier for these toadhere to the surface. The most frequently isolated microorganism indenture wearers is Candida albicans. Objective: To identify the bacteriapresent on the acrylic resin surface of dentures bases (ProBase Hot®,Ivoclar, Vivadent). Material and methods: 10 subjects of both sexesaged between 25 and 30 years were selected from among patientsattending a prosthodontics clinic. Alginate impressions of the patientswere used to create plaster molds, which were then used to constructheat-cured acrylic resin palatal plates that the patients wore for aperiod of 24 hours. A sample of the acrylic was subsequently takenfor bacteriological identifi cation purposes. Statistical analysis wasperformed based on a descriptive analysis of frequency distributionand percentages, and crossover and multiple response tables created(IBM SPSS STATISTICS 21.0 software). Results: The most frequentlyidentifi ed bacterium in this study was Klebsiella pneumoniae, whilethe least frequently isolated were Escherichia coli and Enterobactercloacae (once each), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (in three cases),and Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus alpha hemolytic andStreptococcus hyicus (two each). Conclusions: The acrylic resin usedin this study tested positive for various bacterial species, the mostfrequently isolated of these belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae.